![]() ![]() The Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland: 318–328. ^ Keith, Arthur Berriedale (April 1915).Nammalvar's Tiruviruttam, verse 36, speaks of the friend of the Alwar who criticises the Lord who once destroyed the crowded halls of Lanka (for the sake of Sita), but fails to relieve the grief of the Alvar (Hooper, 1929, p. 71). The Periya Thirumozhi, written by Thirumangai Alvar (8th century CE) in verse 8, refers to Guhan, the fisherman king who Rama persuades not to follow him into exile while crossing the Ganges, and Hanuman the son of the wind god Vayu(Hooper, 1929, p. 41).Īndal's Thiruppavai, verse 12 makes mention of the Lord Rama who slew the Lord of Lanka, Ravana (Hooper, 1929, p. 53). His compositions include the Perumal Thirumozhi in Tamil and Mukundamala in Sanskrit (Hooper, 1929, p. 20). On a certain occasion, on hearing the narration of the Ramayana incident of Rama standing up to the battle against demons, he plunges into the sea to swim to Ceylon to rescue Sita. The King gradually takes interest in religious matters, much to the concern of his ministers. Kulasekhara Alvar rules as the Chera king of Travancore, with scholars dating his period as first half of the 9th century CE. Kulasekhara Alvar is the seventh in the line of the 12 Alvars. Modern scholars place alvar literature between the 5th and 10th Centuries CE Kulasekhara Alvar The alvars, (also spelt as alwars or azhwars) were Vaishnavite Tamil poets -saints of South India who composed literature preaching bhakti (devotion) to the god Vishnu or his avatar. Further, canto 18, lines 19 to 26, refers to the illegitimate love of Indra for Ahalya the In another reference, in canto 17, lines 9 to 16, the epic talks about Rama being the incarnate of Trivikrama or Netiyon, and he building the setu with the help of monkeys who hurled huge rocks into the ocean to build the bridge. This epic also makes several references to the Ramayana, such as a setu (bridge) being built by monkeys in canto 5, line 37 (however the location is Kanyakumari rather than Dhanushkodi). Manimekalai written as the sequel to the Silappatikaram by the Buddhist poet Chithalai Chathanar, narrates the tale of Manimekalai, the daughter of Kovalan and Madhavi, and her journey to become a Buddhist Bhikkuni. These references indicate that the author was well aware of the story of the Ramayana in the 2nd century AD. This seems to imply on Rama being regarded as divinity, rather than a mere human. ![]() The Aycciyarkuravai section (canto 27), makes mention of the Lord who could measure the three worlds, going to the forest with his brother, waging a war against Lanka and destroying it with fire (Dikshitar, 1939, p. 237). It describes the fate of Poompuhar suffering the same agony as experienced by Ayodhya when Rama leaves for exile to the forest as instructed by his father (Dikshitar, 1939, p. 193). The epic narrates the tale of Kovalan, son of a wealthy merchant, his wife Kannagi, and his lover Madhavi, and has many references to the Ramayana story. ![]() The Silappatikaram (translated as The Tale of an anklet) written by a prince turned Jain monk Ilango Adigal, dated to the 2nd century AD or later. Twin Epics of the Common Era Silappatikaram The poem places a triumphant Rama at Dhanushkodi, sitting under a Banyan tree, involved in some secret discussions, when the birds are chirping away. Akanaṉūṟu Īkanaṉūṟu, which is dated between 1st century BCE and 2nd century CE, has a reference to the Ramayana in poem 70. The poem makes the analogy of a poet receiving royal gifts and that worn by the relatives of the poet as being unworthy for their status, to the event in the Ramayana, where Sita drops her jewels when abducted by Ravana and these jewels being picked up red-faced monkeys who delightfully wore the ornaments (Hart and Heifetz, 1999, pp. 219–220). ![]() Purananuru 378, attributed to the poet UnPodiPasunKudaiyar, written in praise of the Chola king IlanCetCenni. The earliest reference to the story of the Ramayana is found in the Purananuru which is dated from 1st century BCE and 5th century CE. The age of Sangam literature (Tamil: சங்க இலக்கியம், caṅka ilakkiyam) refers to the ancient Tamil literature written up to AD 100. ![]()
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![]() ![]() ![]() ** Now I want to ask all men(even to myself) that When will we stop seeing Women as Objects of Possessions or mere Pleasure? She ‘IS’ more than that. …Dussasana goes to Draupadi’s Chamber & states You are now a Dasi, he holds her hair.drags her to the assembly …the epic describes,“With hair disheveled and half her attire loosened, all the while dragged by Dussasana” (Sabha Parva, Section LXVI) While Draupadi continues to request not to drag her, as she is (Rajaswala) Menstruating & with just a cloth on her body…neglecting her repeated requests, Dussasana drags her to the assembly in front of the Most powerful Men at that time- YUDHISTHIRA, DURYODHAN, ARJUN, KARNA, BHEESHMA, BHEEM among others…with no Man taking stand for her, She cries, She asks questions that No one had the answers- BHEESHMA replies & that too Philosophically & refrain from talking directly & points to Yudhisthira that He is Your Master & He also is the Authority over DHARMA & he must reply your questions…She is standing with just a Cloth on her body, In Her menses & in front of these men (just Imagine, How uncomfortable It would be) with Questions of Her own Rights….& No one has the answer that can acknowledge her anger… ![]() whether My Husband lost himself first before losing me? Nothing seemed to work, no one in the assembly utters a word. He goes for that last round & looses his wife too.ĭraupadi resting in her chamber, was going through her Menstruation with no idea of what happened with her husbands & to herself & there comes pratikami in her chamber saying She has been won by Kauravas in Dice game & She is Now a Dasi & Duryodhan has ordered You to come to assembly…Unable to digest these things, knowing her condition on periods & with just single piece of cloth on her body, she manages herself somehow & directs him to go to assembly & she tells him to ask the elder people sitting there, “ Can A King really put her wife to stake in Gambling?” & When Pratikami replies that Yudhishthira & other 4 Brothers (All 5 Husbands) have also lost themselves, with an unnerving state of her body & mind, She gathers courage to ask. becoming a Das- (Servant), He looks down as He is no more a King now…& Shakuni says to him, You haven’t lost everything yet & hints to “Draupadi” with words of lure that He may win everything back If he goes for one more last round putting his wife on stake…. The Scene & Setting in HASTINAPUR, The Pandavas have lost everything in dice game to Kauravas & now Yudhishthira going for one more round & He decides to stake himself, & looses. ![]() By JAYCKIEED on 19 Feb, 2015 Follow go back in History into the times of “MAHABHARATA”, INDIA’s greatest epic dating back 5000 Years…. ![]() ![]() The girl I saved for last was Rin, who is an armless girl who is obsessed with painting. My last playthrough also made me think a lot about myself and my own past. I can think of several “Hanako”‘s whom I’ve met within my life who I treated as very delicate and emotionally sensitive, when perhaps I was not giving their individuality and strength enough credit. And this is perhaps the most endearing and important part about Katawa Shoujo it teaches you how people actually want to be treated in the real world and the lessons from this game are not only applicable to the girl you are romancing, but are rather relevant to interacting with the world as a whole. When I went back to get the “good” ending, I found myself learning how people want to have their own sense of independence and do not want to make others worry or become obsessed with their care. I was heartbroken but it also helped me to understand that point. ![]() In this playthrough I actually ended up with the “bad” ending: where the girl breaks up with Hisao. However, as I got closer and closer to Hanako, she revealed more about herself and I found that she was not as fragile as she appeared and I was reminded that people do not want to be treated like an expensive vase or brittle piece of glass, but rather as an actual person with their own strengths and deserving of respect. She was often found reading in the library, inside the safe world of her books instead of the social anxieties the outside world placed on her. In my first playthrough I ended up with Hanako, who is a shy, quiet girl who suffers from severe burns on half of her body. The writing throughout the game is very sincere and heartfelt, with each path having its share of happiness and heartache. Each playthrough allows you to see this for yourself, and I actually felt a special bond with every girl after I finished their story. Each love interest has her morals, dreams, and likes and dislikes. Each has their own personality and is much more than their “disability”. In Katawa Shoujo, there are five girls that Hisao is able to have a relationship with: Emi (whose legs were amputated), Rin (who lost her arms to a birth defect), Lilly (who is blind), Hanako (who was severely burned as a child), and Shizune (who is deaf). It is here where Hisao learns to cope with his disability, meet others who have their own impairments, and perhaps find love.įrom left to right: Emi, Rin, Lilly, Hanako, Misha, Shizune This forces him to move from his current normal public school to Yamaku High School, a school exclusively for students with physical disabilities. The main character, Hisao Nakai, suffers from a heart attack and discovers he has an arrhythmic heart. Katawa Shoujo literally translates to “Crippled girls”, and that is what the game is about. Development began in 2007 and the game was released on January 4th, 2012. Interest grew among the 4chan community and eventually several developers around the globe agreed to create the game under the moniker 4 Leaf Studios. ![]() The idea for the game originated on the /a/ (anime) board on 4chan, a user named RAITA posted some of his drawings which included sketches and ideas for a visual novel set in a disabled school. ![]() ![]() The origin of Katawa Shoujo is a very interesting one deserving of its own article. I can now add Katawa Shoujo to this list of games. Despite being a 2D visual novel, the characters found within Katawa Shoujo are more three-dimensional than the characters I’ve come across in first-person shooters and action-adventure games. Games like Bioshock and Pokemon made me feel…different after completing them. Rarely do I ever come across a game where I actually feel emotionally shaken after finishing it. ![]() |
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