An FBI investigation was opened, and Chaplin was forced to leave the U.S. He was accused of communist sympathies, and some members of the press and public were scandalized by his involvement in a paternity suit and marriages to much younger women. The 1940s were marked with controversy for Chaplin, and his popularity declined rapidly. His first sound film was The Great Dictator (1940), which satirised Adolf Hitler. He initially refused to move to sound films in the 1930s, instead producing City Lights (1931) and Modern Times (1936) without dialogue. His first feature-length film was The Kid (1921), followed by A Woman of Paris (1923), The Gold Rush (1925), and The Circus (1928). In 1919, Chaplin co-founded distribution company United Artists, which gave him complete control over his films. By 1918, he was one of the world's best-known figures. He directed his own films and continued to hone his craft as he moved to the Essanay, Mutual, and First National corporations. He soon developed the Tramp persona and attracted a large fan base. He was scouted for the film industry and began appearing in 1914 for Keystone Studios. At 19, he was signed to the Fred Karno company, which took him to the United States. Chaplin began performing at an early age, touring music halls and later working as a stage actor and comedian. When he was 14, his mother was committed to a mental asylum. His father was absent and his mother struggled financially - he was sent to a workhouse twice before age nine. His career spanned more than 75 years, from childhood in the Victorian era until a year before his death in 1977, and encompassed both adulation and controversy.Ĭhaplin's childhood in London was one of poverty and hardship. He became a worldwide icon through his screen persona, the Tramp, and is considered one of the film industry's most important figures. KBE (16 April 1889 – 25 December 1977) was an English comic actor, filmmaker, and composer who rose to fame in the era of silent film. 11, including Charles, Sydney, Geraldine, Michael, Josephine, Victoria, Eugene and Christopher
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